TheColdWar



It's a big topic - so let's try to get it down to the bare essentials. Cut and paste this page into a new page on your Unit 8 notebook and use it as the beginning of a new set of notes on the early years of the Cold War.


 * AN ILLUSTRATED DEFINTION OF THE COLD WAR **

Insert your illustrated and annotated PowerPoint slide here


 * Major events, ideas, topics, and people - from class, __Creating America,__ and ABC-CLIO **

No need to take notes - you will have a different assignment and activity** || ||
 * **THE YALTA CONFERENCE**
 * Meeting near the end of WWII - big 3 meet to discuss post war Europe
 * Germany will be divided, controlled by the Allies
 * Liberated Eastern European countries will have new elections
 * United Nations will be formed || [[image:turningpoints09:yalta.jpg width="275" height="216" caption="yalta.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints09:un.gif width="298" height="211" caption="un.gif"]] || **THE UNITED NATIONS**
 * The US appealed to the UN when Communist North Korean trrops moved into South Korea in June,1950
 * 16 countries provided soldiers for a Un force, although the US did most of the fighting
 * Communist China saw the UN action as a threat and joined the North Koreans
 * Established in April, 1945 as a peacekeeping body ||
 * **CONTAINMENT**
 * policy was the main strategy of the Truman Administration in the Cold War
 * goal of "containment" was to stop the spread of communism
 * US worked on containmentin military and nonmilitary ways
 * first announced in 1947 in response to Soviet pressure on Turkey and Greece || [[image:turningpoints09:kennan.jpg width="246" height="177" caption="kennan.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints09:truman.jpg width="300" height="221" caption="truman.jpg"]] || **THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE**
 * promised aid to people struggling to resist threats to democratic freedon
 * established in 1947 ||
 * **THE MARSHALL PLAN**
 * US plan to revive war-torn ecomomies of Europe to prevent the spread of communism
 * Named for President Truman's Secretary of State, George C. Marshall
 * Offered 13 billion in aid to western and southern Europe in 1947
 * Helped nations of Europe to rebuild || [[image:turningpoints09:marshall.jpg width="266" height="282" caption="marshall.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints09:airlift.jpg width="289" height="194" caption="airlift.jpg"]] || **THE BERLIN AIRLIFT**
 * At the end of WWII, Allies //temporarily// divided Germany and the city of Berlin into 4 zones
 * Stalin feared a united Germany might threaten the Soviet Union
 * Berlin, in the eastern, Soviet zone. In 1948, Stalin tried to force the Western powers to abandon Berlin by blocking accews to the city
 * President Truman responded by airlifting supplies to the city for a year, until Stalin called off the blockade ||
 * **NATO**
 * Formed in 1948 because of alarm over communist control of Eastern Europe
 * North Atlantic Treaty Organization
 * Alliance included US, Canada, and 10 Western European nations
 * In reponse, the Soviet Union, along with Eastern European nations formed the Warsaw pact || [[image:turningpoints09:nato.png width="287" height="299" caption="nato.png"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints09:PRCFounding.jpg caption="PRCFounding.jpg"]] || **COMMUNISM IN CHINA**
 * In 1949, Mao Zedong became head of the new Communist China after defeat of the US backed Nationalists, who fled to Taiwan
 * This, and Korea, made American's fear of communism grow
 * Americans blamed their own State Department for failing to stop the revolution ||
 * **THE KOREAN WAR
 * [[image:turningpoints09:180px-Joseph_McCarthy.jpg caption="180px-Joseph_McCarthy.jpg"]] || **MCCARTHYISM**
 * Republican senator from Wisconsin.
 * Used Korean War to fan Americans' fear of communism
 * Had a "list" of 205 State Department officials who belonged to the Communist Party, never proved
 * Launched a hunt for Communists and wrcked the lives of many people.
 * //McCarthyisn// came to mean reckless charges against innocent citizens
 * Reign of terror ended in 1954 when the Senate censured him ||
 * **THE SPACE RACE**
 * In 1957, Soviet Union and the US began a space race
 * The Soviet Union launched Sputnik into orbit, the first space satellite
 * US scientists raced to launch a satellite and Congress provided billions ||  ||